Just like there are huge mountains on the surface of the earth, similarly there is the deepest trench in the ocean. Like other mysterious places in the world, there is a similar place inside the ocean. It is said that this is the most mysterious place on earth, because even scientists do not know much about it. The name of this place located in the depths of the ocean is Mariana Trench. It is located so low below the sea level that the entire Mount Everest can fit in it.
Mariana Trench is located in the Pacific Ocean, which is the deepest trench in the world. It is located at a distance of about 200 kilometers from the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific Ocean. Talking about its shape, it is a crescent-shaped trench. It is spread over about 2550 kilometers and its width is 69 kilometers. It was formed due to the collision of two tectonic plates. There are dense rocks inside it.
According to the US science agency National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the deepest trench in the Mariana Trench is a canyon called Challenger Deep located at the southern end of the trench. According to the US science agency, Challenger Deep extends up to 10,935 meters from the surface.
This estimate is from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Oceanographic Research Papers in the journal Deep Sea Research Part 1. But there are many other estimates of the depth of Challenger Deep. According to Guinness World Records, the first crewed mission here in 1960 estimated the depth to be 10,911 meters.
Estimating the depth of Challenger Deep is extremely challenging. According to the US Science Agency, the depth of the sea is determined in two ways. First, a ship detects the depth with the help of sonar, while the other will detect with the help of a pressure sensor deployed on the sea floor how much water is above it. The sonar beam from the ship releases waves, the depth is determined by the time they hit the surface and return.
Only three people have reached the Mariana Trench so far. James Cameron, director of the film Titanic, NASA oceanographer emeritus Dr. Gene Feldman and another explorer, Texas investor Victor Vescovo, have reached here.
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